Twenty five years after one of Spain’s worst ecological disasters, a court case against the Swedish mining company involved opened on Tuesday in the southern city of Seville.
The trial will hear testimony from 12 witnesses and three experts and is expected to conclude on 13 July, court officials said.
The case, being brought by the regional government in Andalusia, holds mining company Boliden responsible for a 1998 toxic spill that contaminated a vast stretch of rivers and wetlands with heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium and mercury.
The Doñana National Park wetlands, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, are home to the endangered Iberian lynx and are a vital stopover point for millions of birds migrating between Europe and Africa.
The catastrophe occurred when a wastewater reserve pool burst at Boliden’s Los Frailes lead and zinc mine in the city of Aznalcóllar, spewing more than five million cubic metres of highly acid sludge into the river and groundwater.
The toxic spill on 25 April 1998, killed tens of tonnes of fish and polluted nearly 5,000 hectares of fragile wetland. The Andalusian government spent millions on the clean-up. The ecological disaster at the mine was one of the worst Spain has ever endured.
The case got underway on Tuesday after years of legal wrangling, which ground to a halt in 2002 when the Supreme Court ruled that Boliden was not criminally responsible.
Boliden has always denied responsibility for the disaster and blamed a subsidiary of Spanish construction company Dragados that built the wastewater pool.
The government in Andalusia, where Aznalcóllar is located, launched a civil suit against Boliden in 2002 after the dismissal of criminal cases brought by Andalusia, the Spanish state and environmental federations including Ecologists in Action.
The procedure was bogged down for years while Boliden launched repeated appeals, but in 2012 the Supreme Court ruled that the case against the company should go ahead.
The Andalusian government said it now hoped ‘justice would be served’. It is seeking nearly €90 million in compensation from the Swedish multinational — equivalent to the sums spent to try and clean up the 4,643 hectares that were contaminated.
Boliden was fined more than €45 million by the government in Madrid in August 2002 but it refused to pay on the grounds it had not been found guilty in court.
‘A quarter of a century on, the case is still a legal maze without a decisive verdict,’ Ecologists in Action complained in a report in April.
‘This case … is indicative of the way the mining industry operates worldwide,’ it said. ‘This socially and environmentally irresponsible approach has turned the mining industry into one of the main threats to life on this planet.’
The Aznalcóllar mine, dropped by Boliden in 2001, is scheduled to re-open shortly, once new operator Mexican mining conglomerate Grupo Mexico obtains the outstanding authorisations from the regional authorities.
Hay que acabar con la impunidad de la minería y regular un sector que utiliza entramados societarios para eludir la justicia, como pretende de nuevo la minera Boliden.
— Ecologistas en Acción (@ecologistas) July 4, 2023
La matriz sueca Boliden Apirsa quebró su filial Boliden España para evitar pagar sanciones e indemnizaciones. pic.twitter.com/ujXqcdyZVh
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